CHAPTER II: THE ADVENT
OF COLONIALISM AND CHRISTIAN
MISSION
1. Introduction 93
2. The
Social-Culture Situation before British Rule 94
3. The
British Administration and Changes 95
3.1.Prohibition
of Savage and Barbaric Practices 95
3.2.Social
Evils 97
3.3.Decentralization
of Political Power 98
3.4.Abolition
of Traditional Rights of the Mara Chiefs 100
3.5.Circle
Administration 102
3.6.Impressed
Labour 102
4. The
Advent of the Missionaries and Cultural Changes 104
4.1.Lakher
Pioneer Mission 107
4.2.The
First and the Founding Christian Missionaries
in
Mara Tribal People 109
4.3.Brief
History of Christian Missionaries in Maraland 109
4.4.Missionaries
and Their mission activities 112
5. Interpreting
Socio-Cultural Transformations 116
5.1.Positive
Impacts of Changes 117
5.1.1. Religious
Transformation 117
5.1.2. Socio-Cultural
Transformation 118
5.1.3. Intellectual
Transformation 120
5.2.Negative
Impacts of Transformations 121
5.2.1. Sahma
(Drinking rice-maize-beer) and
atheihna
(Sacrifice) 122
5.2.2. Eating
meat offered to Idols 123
5.2.3. Traditional
festivals 124
5.2.4. Traditional
songs and poetical words 125
5.2.5. Traditional
dances 127
5.2.6. Traditional
drum 128
6. Mara
Slavery System 129
6.1.The
Colonial view of the Mara slavery system 130
6.2.Mission
view 130
6.3.Mara
Christian chiefs freed their slaves 132
6.4.Postcolonial
reading of the controversy and change 132
7. Reflection
on Medical Mission 133
8. Education
was a means of Conversion 134
9. Revival
Movement: Cultural Response to Christian Mission 139
9.1.Introduction 139
9.2.Meaning
of Revival 140
9.3.Revival
in Maraland 142
9.3.1. Revival
Stirrings 142
9.4.Revival
Manual 147
9.5.Impacts
of the Revival movement 148
9.5.1. Traditional Drum 149
10. Conclusion 150
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