East Maraland : Mara
people, history, religion, politics, location, climate
Wednesday,
16 September 2009 18:06 Admin
East Maraland : Mara people, history, religion, politics,
location, climate
East
Maraland
|
Dr. Ngo Cho Le
Post-Doctorate Scholar Indiana University School of Law Bloomington. IL, USA |
Location and Size
East Maraland has a total area of 11,200 square miles (approximately). It is located in the northwestern site of the Union of Burma. It lies between 22 N and 22 and ½ N latitude and between 93 E and 95 E longitude (approximately). Maraland is bounded by Matu and Zotung in the east, Haka and Thangtlang in the north, West Maraland and Bangladesh in the west and Khumi and Arakan State in the south.
East Maraland has a total area of 11,200 square miles (approximately). It is located in the northwestern site of the Union of Burma. It lies between 22 N and 22 and ½ N latitude and between 93 E and 95 E longitude (approximately). Maraland is bounded by Matu and Zotung in the east, Haka and Thangtlang in the north, West Maraland and Bangladesh in the west and Khumi and Arakan State in the south.
Physical Features
East Maraland is covered with mountains, only about 3 percent of the area is plateaus and about 2 percent of the area is plain. The plain areas are to be found in the Bino river, Tisi river, Sarau river, Tola and Kula valleys. The widest plain is Phiaphaby (64,000 square acres, approximately). The highest mountain peaks are Hrokietla (7,700 feet approximately) and Sawhmotla (6,800 feet approximately).
Rivers
The great rivers of East Maraland is Beino vaw (vaw means river). After raising in the plateaus of Hava, Beino flows through Hakha township, East Maraland, Thangtlang township, Mizoram state, Arakan state and falls into the west of Bengal sea near Akyab. Motor boats ply on this river during the rainy seasons. Another small rivers are Tisih, Sarau, Tola, Kula, Mala, Hoha, and Laki.
East Maraland is covered with mountains, only about 3 percent of the area is plateaus and about 2 percent of the area is plain. The plain areas are to be found in the Bino river, Tisi river, Sarau river, Tola and Kula valleys. The widest plain is Phiaphaby (64,000 square acres, approximately). The highest mountain peaks are Hrokietla (7,700 feet approximately) and Sawhmotla (6,800 feet approximately).
Rivers
The great rivers of East Maraland is Beino vaw (vaw means river). After raising in the plateaus of Hava, Beino flows through Hakha township, East Maraland, Thangtlang township, Mizoram state, Arakan state and falls into the west of Bengal sea near Akyab. Motor boats ply on this river during the rainy seasons. Another small rivers are Tisih, Sarau, Tola, Kula, Mala, Hoha, and Laki.
Climate
The climate normality made the land comfortable. The average of summer temperature is 95 degree F, but in the winter sometimes on the rainy day, pieces of ice used to fall along with raindrops. In average rainfall of Maraland in a year is 150 inches.
The climate normality made the land comfortable. The average of summer temperature is 95 degree F, but in the winter sometimes on the rainy day, pieces of ice used to fall along with raindrops. In average rainfall of Maraland in a year is 150 inches.
Forest and Animals
Forests of evergreen trees and bamboo are mostly found in East Maraland. Monsoon and leaf fall forests can be also found in somewhere. Different type of wild and domestic animals are found in different parts of the land. Main domestic animals are pigs, cows, buffaloes, goats, horses, goyals, ducks, fowls, dogs, cats, sheep, etc are also keep in Maraland.
Forests of evergreen trees and bamboo are mostly found in East Maraland. Monsoon and leaf fall forests can be also found in somewhere. Different type of wild and domestic animals are found in different parts of the land. Main domestic animals are pigs, cows, buffaloes, goats, horses, goyals, ducks, fowls, dogs, cats, sheep, etc are also keep in Maraland.
Agriculture
Nearly 90 percent of the population of East Maraland depends on agriculture for their livelihood. Maraland is self-sufficient in food. The main crops are rice, maize, tobacco, cotton, tea, and different kinds of pea and orange. East Maraland also grows sugar cane, millets, potato, sunflower and variety of vegetable.
Nearly 90 percent of the population of East Maraland depends on agriculture for their livelihood. Maraland is self-sufficient in food. The main crops are rice, maize, tobacco, cotton, tea, and different kinds of pea and orange. East Maraland also grows sugar cane, millets, potato, sunflower and variety of vegetable.
Industries
There are no machinery industry manufacturing in East Maraland. Spinning dresses, bamboo goods, cane goods, and wooden goods are products of East Maraland.
There are no machinery industry manufacturing in East Maraland. Spinning dresses, bamboo goods, cane goods, and wooden goods are products of East Maraland.
Communication
There are no airways, railways, and motor roads in East Maraland. There is short waterway in East Maraland, which is through River Beino. It is very important for trading and Salyutlana village is the most important port of East Maraland. A jeepable road in under construction from Rezua to Lialaipi.
There are no airways, railways, and motor roads in East Maraland. There is short waterway in East Maraland, which is through River Beino. It is very important for trading and Salyutlana village is the most important port of East Maraland. A jeepable road in under construction from Rezua to Lialaipi.
Trade
East Maraland exports rice, bamboo goods and some domestic animals for meat. The Maraland imports clothes, foods, medicine and other machinery instruments from outside.
East Maraland exports rice, bamboo goods and some domestic animals for meat. The Maraland imports clothes, foods, medicine and other machinery instruments from outside.
Population and Settlement
East Maraland has a total population of 28,500 (approximately). The native inhabitant of Mara belongs to the Mongoloid. There is no other racial division in East Maraland. The principal language is Mara.
East Maraland has a total population of 28,500 (approximately). The native inhabitant of Mara belongs to the Mongoloid. There is no other racial division in East Maraland. The principal language is Mara.
Christian is the dominant religion in Maraland. Full percent of
the population is Christian and different churches of Maraland are Mara
Evangelical Church, Mara Baptist Association, and small local churches.
Government
There is no government office or body in Maraland. Maraland is divided into three parts and different townships of other tribes control each part. The north group of Maraland is governed from Thangtlang (Lai tribe), the center is governed from Matupi (Matu tribe) and the south group is governed from Paletwa (Khumi Tribe or Arakans).
There is no government office or body in Maraland. Maraland is divided into three parts and different townships of other tribes control each part. The north group of Maraland is governed from Thangtlang (Lai tribe), the center is governed from Matupi (Matu tribe) and the south group is governed from Paletwa (Khumi Tribe or Arakans).
Mara peoples firmly adopted that:
The State (nation) is created by God.
The State (nation) is loved by God.
The State (nation) is governed by God.
The State (nation) is judged by God.
The State (nation) is forgiven by God.
Education
Primary and Middle schools are a free education system. Burmese is medium of instruction in those schools. There is a High School in Lialaipi. There is no college or university in Maraland.
Primary and Middle schools are a free education system. Burmese is medium of instruction in those schools. There is a High School in Lialaipi. There is no college or university in Maraland.
Politics
Since independence of the Union of Burma, Mara peoples elected two Member of Parliament members namely Matlei Chozah (John Mangtling Cinzah) (L), and Ro-U for their representatives to Union Parliament. Most prominent political leaders from Mara peoples were Pu Ma Bau, Pu Hiva, Pu Lai Ma, and Pu Si Kho.
Since independence of the Union of Burma, Mara peoples elected two Member of Parliament members namely Matlei Chozah (John Mangtling Cinzah) (L), and Ro-U for their representatives to Union Parliament. Most prominent political leaders from Mara peoples were Pu Ma Bau, Pu Hiva, Pu Lai Ma, and Pu Si Kho.
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